One of the most frequent questions we get from customers pertains to the health of their four-legged friends. Given the numerous potential benefits for humans, it stands to reason that functional mushrooms can help our canines as well. That line of thinking indeed has some teeth to it. While canine studies have not been prioritized at the same level as those pertaining to humans, there has been research conducted with promising results. A variety of mushrooms are commonly given to dogs. These include turkey tail, lion’s mane, chaga, reishi, and cordyceps. Each could benefit your dog in unique ways, including improved gut health, immunity, cognition, and more.
Turkey Tail
With a name that seems odd until you see the vibrant palette of colors adorning these thin, crescent shaped mushrooms, turkey tail is one of the most popular mushrooms for dogs and humans alike. It is widely studied for its immunity boosting and anti-cancer properties in humans, and research into its benefits for dogs is emerging.
Immune Support
Turkey tail mushrooms contain polysaccharopeptides (PSP) and polysaccharide-K (PSK), which have been shown to modulate the immune system by enhancing the activity of immune cells such as natural killer cells and T cells. This immune modulation can help dogs fight infections and maintain overall immune health.
Research has demonstrated the immunomodulating effects of turkey tail in various species, including dogs. A study published in in 2012 investigated the effects of a turkey tail extract on immune parameters in dogs and found that it enhanced immune responses without adverse effects, suggesting its potential as a safe immunity boosting supplement for dogs.
Anti-Cancer Potential
Turkey tail has also been studied for its potential anti-cancer effects due to their ability to stimulate immune responses against cancer cells. While most research has been conducted in humans and laboratory animals, there is growing interest in their application for canine cancer treatment and prevention. It has been studied to reduce the size of tumors, which is a common ailment for older dogs.
A 2009 study focused on the effects of turkey tail on dogs aflicted with hemangiosarcoma, and aggressive type of tumor with a high metastatic rate. Dogs were only eligible for the study if they had not recieved chemotherapy. The dogs were seperated into three dosage groups. Those receiving the highest dosage were able to stave off metastasis for longer on average, leading to extended survival times.
Digestive Health
Runny stool is always unpleasant for both the dog and those around it. It can be difficult to ascertain what exactly is causing these digestive issues, and to figure out what can be done to restore balance to the gut. The prebiotic fibers in turkey tail can support digestive health by promoting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria. A healthy gut microbiome is crucial for digestion, nutrient absorption, and overall immune function. This could help to alleviate bowel issues.
Lion's Mane
This white and shaggy mushroom has gained attention for its neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing properties in humans and is now being studied for similar benefits in dogs.
Cognitive Support
Lion's mane mushrooms contain the bioactive compounds hericenones and erinacines, which have been shown to stimulate nerve growth factor (NGF) production. NGF is essential for the growth, maintenance, and survival of nerve cells, promoting brain health and cognitive function.
While specific studies on lion's mane mushrooms in dogs are limited, research in other species suggests potential benefits for cognitive function and neuro-regeneration. This makes lion's mane mushrooms a promising supplement for supporting cognitive health in aging dogs and those with cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS).
Nerve Regeneration
The regenerative properties of lion's mane mushrooms may benefit dogs recovering from nerve injuries or conditions affecting the nervous system. By promoting nerve growth and repair, lion's mane mushrooms could potentially aid in the rehabilitation of dogs with neurological disorders as well.
Anti-inflammatory
Chronic inflammation can contribute to cognitive decline and other age-related conditions in dogs and humans alike. Lion's mane has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties that may help reduce inflammation and protect against neurodegenerative diseases.
A study published by a group of Chinese scientists investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of lion's mane alcohol extract in mice and suggested its potential in managing inflammatory conditions. While direct canine studies are needed, these findings support the hypothesis of anti-inflammatory benefits in dogs.
Reishi
Reishi has long been revered in traditional Chinese medicine for its adaptogenic properties and potential health benefits. It is known for its calming effects, as well as benefits for sleep and the immune system.
Relaxation
Triterpenes are one of the most significant compounds found in reishi. They work to support the parasypathetic nervous system, also known as the "Rest and Digest" system. Thanks to Triterpenes, reishi can potentially be used for reduction of seperation anxiety and overall stress in your pup.
Sleep
Did you know that adult dogs are supposed to sleep between 12 and 14 hours per day? Larger dogs need even more sleep, up to 18 hours per day. While uncommon, dogs can suffer from narcolepsy, REM sleep behavior disorder and sleep apnea. A lack of sleep can cause a host of issues. The triterpenes with a strong presence in reishi can help your dog sleep well each night.
Immunity
Reishi also contains polysaccharides and other bioactive compounds that enhance immune function by stimulating the activity of macrophages, T cells, and natural killer cells. This immune modulation can help strengthen the immune system and support overall health in dogs.
A 2003 study published in the Internaitional Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms reviewed the immunomodulatory effects of Ganoderma lucidum in various species and highlighted its potential as a therapeutic agent for immune-related disorders. While specific studies in dogs are limited, these findings suggest promising applications in veterinary medicine.
Cordyceps
You may have been made familiar with cordyceps through the narration of David Attenborough. This family of fungi seems to be straight out of science fiction, infecting insects and taking over their bodies. More recently, the hit HBO show 'The Last of Us' features a hypopthetical mutation which allows cordyceps to spread to humans, kickstarting the apocalypse. In reality, neither humans or dogs need worry becoming cordyceps zombies. Instead we can focus on the health benefits cordyceps has to offer.
Enhanced Energy and Vitality
One of the standout benefits of Cordyceps mushrooms is their ability to enhance energy production and improve stamina. This is particularly beneficial for active dogs, agility competitors, or working breeds. It could also provide a much needed boost for an overweight dog to embrace a more active lifestlye. Cordyceps work at a cellular level by increasing ATP production, which is crucial for fueling muscle activity and maintaining endurance.
Respiratory Support
Cordyceps mushrooms have long been prized for their respiratory benefits. They are known to support lung function and improve oxygen uptake, making them valuable for dogs recovering from respiratory infections or those with chronic respiratory conditions. By optimizing lung capacity, Cordyceps mushrooms may help dogs breathe more comfortably and efficiently.
Chaga
Looks can be deceiving, and that is especially the case with chaga. While it looks like a burl burgeoning from the side of an aspen, it is in fact a mushroom with a host of benefits.
Antioxidant Support
Chaga mushrooms are rich in antioxidants, such as polysaccharides and phenolic compounds. These antioxidants help neutralize harmful free radicals in the body, protecting cells from oxidative damage. For dogs, this can contribute to overall cellular health and may support a healthy immune system.
Anti-inflammatory Properties
Chaga contains the compounds betulin and betulinic acid, which have shown anti-inflammatory effects in research. Inflammation is a common issue in dogs, particularly in conditions such as arthritis. By reducing inflammation, Chaga mushrooms may help alleviate joint pain and improve mobility in dogs.
Immune System Modulation
Similar to the mushrooms listed above, research suggests that chaga mushrooms have immunomodulatory effects. This can be particularly beneficial for dogs with weakened immune systems or those prone to infections. By enhancing immune function, Chaga mushrooms may help dogs maintain better overall health and resilience.
What is the best way to give mushrooms to my dog?
There are many mushroom products on the market, and narrowing your choice down to the most effective option can seem daunting. Supplemental mushrooms come as a powder, capsule, or liquid extract. A mushroom powder may prove challenging to get your dog to eat, although mixing it with wet food would likely help. But would that be the most effective option? Mushrooms have a thick cell wall made of chitin that our bodies are unable to break down. The same applies to dogs, which would lead to them missing out on critical compounds. A capsulated form could present the same issue, and could be a potential choking hazard for your pup. While each form may have its’ own draw, the most convenient and potent choice would be a liquid extract.
When these mushrooms are extracted into a liquid form, it breaks down that cell wall and maximizes bioavailability. These liquid extracts, or tinctures, can be dropped directly into your dog’s mouth, water bowl, or even food. This eliminates any potential choking hazard, and dodges the ordeal of coaxing your dog to ingest an unfamiliar powder. It’s also important to know what is going into the extract. Many companies include mycelium in their products. This is the network of tissue supporting the fruiting bodies beneath the surface. While it does have some potential benefits, it is essentially impossible to separate the mycelium from the growing medium. This leads to the inclusion of substrate such as rice or rye grain.
Vesper extracts contain only the mushroom fruiting bodies, utilizing a potent 1:2 ratio to create some of the strongest tinctures on the market. While we recommend 2 ml/day for an average person, dosage will vary based on the size of your dog.
